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这里有几个单词 trial 和 trait urge和surge
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trial ( |5 D8 r5 H- H! B" N
noun, verb% L& J8 ?. P' _! b4 x, ~
noun
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[U, C] a formal examination of evidence in a court of law by a judge and often a JURY, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not: a murder trial ◆ He's on trial for murder. ◆ She will stand trial / go on trial for fraud. ◆ The men were arrested but not brought to trial. ◆ The case never came to trial. ◆ She is awaiting trial on corruption charges. ◆ He did not receive a fair trial. ◆ She was detained without trial. ◆ Parker was committed for trial yesterday at Southwark Crown Court.
3 V' {" N- a% r# r" l1 |test
( ]) s' p' B- H9 w. b- y [C, U] the process of testing the ability, quality or performance of sb/sth, especially before you make a final decision about them: The new drug is undergoing clinical trials. ◆ She agreed to employ me for a trial period. ◆ The system was introduced on a trial basis for one month. ◆ a trial separation (= of a couple whose marriage is in difficulties) ◆ We had the machine on trial for a week. ◆ a trial of strength (= a contest to see who is stronger)
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( v" h( k2 L* s6 S; c% b, t9 T [C, usually pl.] (BrE) (AmE try-out) a competition or series of tests to find the best players for a sports team or an important event: Olympic trials- y2 P% k+ J$ u$ i% I" s
for animals! g R+ @0 z4 a- t% Q J: S- L
[C, usually pl.] an event at which animals compete or perform: sheepdog / horse trials3 S' r+ Q( E, J$ e- j3 r' a
difficult experience
5 L; }3 R/ L& t# c7 A' }( z [C] ~ (to sb) an experience or a person that causes difficulties for sb: the trials and tribulations of married life ◆ She was a sore trial to her family at times.
9 W/ j* C* g9 y/ t: q! }Idioms: trial and error the process of solving a problem by trying various methods until you find a method that is successful: Children learn to use computer programs by trial and error.: @9 P/ b7 r C
verb (-ll-) [VN, V] (BrE) to test the ability, quality or performance of sth to see if it will be effective or successful+ P/ K$ p9 N. \* B
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trait & M* X' ?- y( a/ Q! e: l
noun/ D, e T; O3 t' w" B! C- a7 c1 d
a particular quality in your personality: personality traits ◆ Awareness of class is a typically British trait.
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! K9 U: i* D: y4 Eurge
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; \3 @% U" x q4 t; Y, M; N5 xverb, noun, R& j8 M3 L5 m7 S. s; w) e+ T
verb
: d2 Y& Y$ F" n0 M4 S% X to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth: [VN to inf] She urged him to stay. ◆ Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. ◆ [V that] The report urged that all children be taught to swim. [also V speech, VN speech]+ p, ` @6 `$ t' g L+ u
[VN] ~ sth (on / upon sb) to recommend sth strongly: The situation is dangerous, but the UN is urging caution.8 Y, n& p6 ]1 F+ U4 R! }& Y, `, k
[VN +adv./prep.] (written) to make a person or an animal move more quickly and/or in a particular direction, especially by pushing or forcing them: He urged his horse forward.
# X* G( ^4 ?9 ~ APhrasal Verbs: urge sb<->on to encourage sb to do sth or support them so that they do it better: She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.
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~ (to do sth) a strong desire to do sth: sexual / creative urges ◆ I had a sudden urge to hit him.
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surge % k" k4 k2 b- w4 [
verb, noun% a5 E* D$ Y8 B
verb [V]
! q- U. ~3 _" n X) Q. A$ j [+adv./prep.] to move quickly and forcefully in a particular direction: The gates opened and the crowd surged forward. ◆ Flood waters surged into their homes. ◆ He surged past the other runners on the last lap.' j2 \+ ]; ?: ?5 I
[usually +adv./prep.] to fill sb with a strong feeling: Relief surged through her.
9 r* c$ V3 p I: B9 i; Y (of prices, profits, etc.) to suddenly increase in value: Share prices surged.) D+ x" [+ |* q' [
related noun UPSURGE, g- V" [* ^( U
noun2 M5 W% j$ i; X! e$ h! M; A3 k& o
~ (of sth) a sudden increase of a strong feeling: She felt a sudden surge of anger. ◆ a surge of excitement / panic / relief/ B8 G: I. n* E2 \$ P/ T- ]9 K
See also UPSURGE% |8 ?7 {4 q2 K% k
~ (in / of sth) a sudden increase in the amount or number of sth; a large amount of sth: a surge in consumer spending ◆ We are having trouble keeping up with the recent surge in demand. ◆ After an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for our services.+ u0 M" c: Q' k; u7 y
See also UPSURGE: T2 G% |$ D# G; G' H( z
~ (of sth) a sudden, strong forward or upward movement: a tidal surge ◆ A surge of people poured through the gates.
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