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这次是 staff stiff stuff5 Z6 W; F+ }: d8 n, |3 {
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5 Q; e$ E. h3 i- t/ m$ Bstaff8 S6 a, ^ f% l1 u4 U8 @ R/ e
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noun, verb
; l! _+ z+ R5 R. L- D; V noun, m$ u' O- B% J6 \( j
[C, usually sing.] all the workers employed in an organization considered as a group: medical / library staff ◆ (BrE) teaching staff ◆ (BrE) We have 20 part-time members of staff. ◆ (AmE) staff members ◆ staff development / training ◆ a staff restaurant / meeting ◆ (especially BrE) a lawyer on the staff of the Worldwide Fund for Nature+ a7 b+ [1 L9 g) i" z O7 j! @
See also GROUND STAFF) Z" [/ P. w( G* A [* |2 l
[sing.] (AmE) the people who work at a school, college or university, but who do not teach students: students, faculty and staff3 _1 {3 L+ l1 S9 l5 j7 d, y
[C+sing./pl. v.] a group of senior army officers who help a commanding officer: a staff officer3 E- s# b6 D2 G! i- g5 r
See also CHIEF OF STAFF, GENERAL STAFF
: f' h3 W- Q$ t: [5 o [C] (old-fashioned or formal) a long stick used as a support when walking or climbing, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority- _& q) ^4 t. f) m8 k6 }9 R. R
[C] (music) (especially AmE) = STAVE
. r. d" I/ J7 k- {Idioms: the staff of life (literary) a basic food, especially bread
+ i5 A" S& G) \5 M) A) Z: D verb [VN] [usually passive] to work in an institution, a company, etc.; to provide people to work there: The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers. ◆ The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals. ◆ a fully staffed department4 o% H! w' c/ B! i/ f+ f
See also OVERSTAFFED, SHORT-STAFFED, UNDERSTAFFED
6 j' n+ C w/ N z9 e5 a' {' Vstaffing noun [U]: staffing levels
) C5 Y. t- Y$ e3 u" RGRAMMAR POINT
5 Y$ U2 T+ m: l! N! bstaff9 `3 V. n- C f: D# p3 [
In BrE staff (sense 1) can be singular: a staff of ten (= a group of ten people) or plural:
8 r5 a' k. ~) u+ YI have ten staff working for me. If it is the subject of a verb this verb is plural:/ z9 `. P& _& H" C
The staff in this shop are very helpful.
! }. h* H: S, D SIn AmE staff (senses 1 and 2) can only be singular: a staff of ten (but not ten staff.) ◆ The staff in this store is very helpful.# @2 y, ?; y$ ?/ r G- T7 T' q
The plural form staffs is less frequent but is used in both BrE and AmE to refer to more than one group of people: the senator and his staff (singular) ◆ senators and their staffs (plural). N4 e$ S! ]% L% ]" Z( H
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stiff
% `1 g6 o. \) \. [2 z* R/ E
0 F6 G5 M- o) r0 y c; L: O6 g( Madjective, adverb, noun, verb
( u7 z( l1 Q: L1 p adjective (stiffer, stiffest)
- Q6 V6 e* p* ^. A0 f7 g- Vdifficult to bend / move
. K) Y% K- U- J: @ firm and difficult to bend or move: stiff cardboard ◆ a stiff brush ◆ The windows were stiff and she couldn't get them open. ◆ I've got a stiff neck.
8 g$ q" a- `+ U: v/ [# @$ Hmuscles9 ^. }; A5 N8 L7 s M- v) c4 P
when a person is stiff, their muscles hurt when they move them: I'm really stiff after that bike ride yesterday.
% O' U' |3 e$ B+ u$ jmixture9 X: Y# r4 X4 d; a7 s3 Z, M8 D
thick and almost solid; difficult to stir: Whisk the egg whites until stiff.
4 n. B1 _# P. g7 t( R0 j+ ?$ Mdifficult / severe* ?' f9 _3 E6 |8 w h3 S
more difficult or severe than usual: It was a stiff climb to the top of the hill. ◆ The company faces stiff competition from its rivals. ◆ The new proposals have met with stiff opposition. ◆ There are stiff fines for breaking the rules. ◆ a stiff breeze / wind (= one that blows strongly)
: q3 i/ x9 f4 [/ @9 _# Anot friendly0 s1 M# `% x e5 t# Q
(of a person or their behaviour) not friendly or relaxed: The speech he made to welcome them was stiff and formal.
$ h0 c. ?# P8 ]) ]price- I+ j8 M V8 ^
(informal) costing a lot or too much: There's a stiff £6 entrance fee to the exhibition.8 T r3 E1 {; s. T
alcoholic drink5 e& E& Z2 j' M
[only before noun] strong; containing a lot of alcohol: a stiff whisky ◆ 'What you need is a stiff drink,' he told her.
V/ x9 N" w: R$ ~3 |8 ?2 r; ~. mstiffly adverb: 'Thank you,' she replied stiffly. ◆ The key turned stiffly in the lock. ◆ She sat down stiffly on a chair by the wall, aware that they were looking at her.
! q& U& C* X. V$ R8 H! Vstiffness noun [U]: pain and stiffness in her legs ◆ She could tell from his eyes and the stiffness of his voice that she had offended him.2 c2 K% `' r2 y! d( q; H+ y
Idioms: (keep) a stiff upper lip to keep calm and hide your feelings when you are in pain or in a difficult situation: He was taught to keep a stiff upper lip and never to cry in public. ◆ Their reaction contrasts sharply with the stiff upper lip of the English.4 [5 {( q" W3 ^4 U8 X* z2 e
adverb1 z4 k3 ^5 r6 q: v4 E9 `
(informal) very much; to an extreme degree: be bored / scared / worried stiff
/ e* }9 l6 U- E; I frozen ~ (of wet material) very cold and hard because the water has become ice: The clothes on the washing line were frozen stiff. ◆ I came home from the game frozen stiff (= very cold).$ c- F/ r+ k* Z, }' h
noun (slang) the body of a dead person0 s0 M/ J7 v/ u4 m
verb [VN] (AmE, informal) to cheat sb or not pay them what you owe them, especially by not leaving any money as a TIP) `2 Z5 c- P) Y! |
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! ^) r/ o( z$ [! L( [5 o9 gstuff
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noun, verb. o8 _7 k: G2 v3 H) m2 I7 R2 y
noun [U]# z7 c8 C, J) F" r- s. m+ }
(informal, sometimes disapproving) used to refer to a substance, material, group of objects, etc. when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about: What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet? ◆ The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff. ◆ This wine is good stuff. ◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff! ◆ They sell stationery and stuff (like that). ◆ Where's all my stuff (= my possessions)? ◆ (disapproving) Could you move all that stuff off the table?1 C) o# K; R0 e; H0 \) g6 N* |
See also FOODSTUFF9 }; V8 V# h" `8 y+ G+ e. Z
(informal) used to refer in a general way to things that people do, say, think, etc: I've got loads of stuff to do today. ◆ I like reading and stuff. ◆ The band did some great stuff on their first album. ◆ This is all good stuff. Well done! ◆ What's all this 'Mrs Smith' stuff? Call me Anna. ◆ I don't believe in all that stuff about ghosts.! u6 U- u1 |( N- C4 X+ I9 a2 o
~ (of sth) (formal or literary) the most important feature of sth; something that sth else is based on or is made from: The trip was magical; the stuff of which dreams are made. ◆ Parades and marches were the very stuff of politics in the region. ◆ Let's see what stuff you're made of (= what sort of person you are).* b! y T, F" K8 V
See also HOT STUFF4 c. d0 o+ B$ v6 K' [
Idioms: do your stuff (informal) to do what you are good at or what you have been trained to do: Some members of the team are just not doing their stuff (= doing as well as they should). ◆ (figurative) The medicine has clearly done its stuff.
& r0 j5 h. q/ ` Y/ c* n8 P8 N+ ?not give a stuff (BrE, slang) to not care at all about sth( M4 u( Z! g4 Y" a, m: d) n+ w
stuff and nonsense exclamation (old-fashioned, informal) used by some people to say that they think that sth is stupid or not true
) _, r( [+ o8 F$ mmore at KID n., KNOW v., STERN adj., STRUT v., SWEAT v.( n( z$ C+ d( N
verb. p4 w' p5 P% q$ C: X
~ A (with B)
( N+ y* j% t& T) k2 D5 P4 o" H~ B (in, into, under, etc. A) to fill a space or container tightly with sth: [VN] She had 500 envelopes to stuff with leaflets. ◆ She had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes. ◆ The fridge is stuffed to bursting. ◆ My nose is stuffed up (= blocked because of illness). ◆ [VN-ADJ] All the drawers were stuffed full of letters and papers.
1 U5 K) ^# ^$ L7 w, [ s [VN +adv./prep.] to push sth quickly and carelessly into a small space: She stuffed the money under a cushion. ◆ His hands were stuffed in his pockets. ◆ Robyn quickly stuffed clothes into an overnight bag./ Z# K7 q' W( |8 _
[VN] to fill a vegetable, chicken, etc. with another type of food: Are you going to stuff the turkey? ◆ stuffed peppers
9 K7 X4 ?, l& k2 x [VN] ~ sb / yourself (with sth): c) O# g W P" A" }
~ your face (informal) to eat a lot of food or too much food; to give sb a lot or too much to eat: He sat at the table stuffing himself. ◆ Don't stuff the kids with chocolate before their dinner. ◆ We stuffed our faces at the party.' I: Z1 [$ @ g
[VN] [usually passive] to fill the dead body of an animal with material and preserve it, so that it keeps its original shape and appearance: They had had their pet dog stuffed.9 j- U; y% H6 q
Idioms: get stuffed (BrE, spoken) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way to go away, or that you do not want sth: If they don't offer you more money, tell them to get stuffed.
8 q6 {1 ~, z) g! t/ astuff it (spoken, informal) used to show that you have changed your mind about sth or do not care about sth: I didn't want a part in the play, then I thought-stuff it-why not? ◆ Stuff it. At my age it doesn't matter.9 g6 W7 i0 P" Q% Y6 ]# q5 Q5 U
you, etc. can stuff sth (spoken, informal) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way that you do not want sth: I told them they could stuff their job.
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这回好像有点点点点点多啊。。 |
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