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这次是 staff stiff stuff0 ?- t3 ^+ W. D/ b1 l
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) T# }$ \$ I; e3 D% ]staff/ D8 ]* { v2 O0 g/ F
3 D# `# a5 Q* S: A5 L8 d) Knoun, verb2 W, p8 e. Y9 u* T" ]
noun
7 h8 E. e7 l% e a0 X# k \ [C, usually sing.] all the workers employed in an organization considered as a group: medical / library staff ◆ (BrE) teaching staff ◆ (BrE) We have 20 part-time members of staff. ◆ (AmE) staff members ◆ staff development / training ◆ a staff restaurant / meeting ◆ (especially BrE) a lawyer on the staff of the Worldwide Fund for Nature
$ S& I# k2 V/ K& {. oSee also GROUND STAFF& z2 x& L' K$ F% k+ ?
[sing.] (AmE) the people who work at a school, college or university, but who do not teach students: students, faculty and staff
: x* l3 X$ [) r5 L) V/ F: Q! e [C+sing./pl. v.] a group of senior army officers who help a commanding officer: a staff officer
' u# n* e4 J- P% S5 {+ N" xSee also CHIEF OF STAFF, GENERAL STAFF
9 W" d) ?. k# m" J" Z [C] (old-fashioned or formal) a long stick used as a support when walking or climbing, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority; @/ }' X Y% R; d; R" K( B/ H8 u
[C] (music) (especially AmE) = STAVE
, s9 c3 M% Y5 \5 R2 o' Y" y4 o! SIdioms: the staff of life (literary) a basic food, especially bread
: K/ F9 n# O& d+ i" _& t8 _ verb [VN] [usually passive] to work in an institution, a company, etc.; to provide people to work there: The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers. ◆ The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals. ◆ a fully staffed department
F6 A% l n" `1 T3 d# a" vSee also OVERSTAFFED, SHORT-STAFFED, UNDERSTAFFED
. j8 i9 ^- Q6 w, p0 u1 i4 A, v6 wstaffing noun [U]: staffing levels
A C9 e1 V9 Q8 r+ p/ `, _GRAMMAR POINT
% K+ A i4 T zstaff
2 U% c& D: k mIn BrE staff (sense 1) can be singular: a staff of ten (= a group of ten people) or plural:
, H( h, W$ m) Z5 u5 BI have ten staff working for me. If it is the subject of a verb this verb is plural:
3 C" v* I4 k3 C- L qThe staff in this shop are very helpful., g; l6 |- W u% y- [# X x
In AmE staff (senses 1 and 2) can only be singular: a staff of ten (but not ten staff.) ◆ The staff in this store is very helpful.. G: c% @3 e: d# o% |3 k: o
The plural form staffs is less frequent but is used in both BrE and AmE to refer to more than one group of people: the senator and his staff (singular) ◆ senators and their staffs (plural).
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& g) H. k; k7 Y7 lstiff7 C m7 a0 {+ K# k
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adjective, adverb, noun, verb
9 c: Y# g4 C) z+ o adjective (stiffer, stiffest)$ J& I4 c6 Z$ J8 ^/ O
difficult to bend / move" W1 N0 \) j0 {/ A4 E! u
firm and difficult to bend or move: stiff cardboard ◆ a stiff brush ◆ The windows were stiff and she couldn't get them open. ◆ I've got a stiff neck.
6 _! T# k. J4 h8 b& w; Dmuscles, i4 g! }6 C* x% f0 M! o
when a person is stiff, their muscles hurt when they move them: I'm really stiff after that bike ride yesterday.
* x2 \. _: t4 ?9 V% h+ _mixture- v3 m5 T+ O' J) w" Y
thick and almost solid; difficult to stir: Whisk the egg whites until stiff.
0 |- S+ O$ _) fdifficult / severe* C4 b" T6 D2 Y* d3 T+ ~/ o
more difficult or severe than usual: It was a stiff climb to the top of the hill. ◆ The company faces stiff competition from its rivals. ◆ The new proposals have met with stiff opposition. ◆ There are stiff fines for breaking the rules. ◆ a stiff breeze / wind (= one that blows strongly)) L5 K+ P* D8 \! Z2 x' x
not friendly
3 }3 j% x8 R: [3 r: r8 L; F0 f (of a person or their behaviour) not friendly or relaxed: The speech he made to welcome them was stiff and formal.
2 Q* h: K3 Z" {price3 `& A$ h" e O0 r$ U
(informal) costing a lot or too much: There's a stiff £6 entrance fee to the exhibition.
2 o! v, h3 j6 I1 C( g0 m# talcoholic drink2 I' k) B j( T+ d5 ]' e. {
[only before noun] strong; containing a lot of alcohol: a stiff whisky ◆ 'What you need is a stiff drink,' he told her. q+ _( d6 b7 U( y R$ l Q
stiffly adverb: 'Thank you,' she replied stiffly. ◆ The key turned stiffly in the lock. ◆ She sat down stiffly on a chair by the wall, aware that they were looking at her.
7 {1 e) X& b& ]9 ostiffness noun [U]: pain and stiffness in her legs ◆ She could tell from his eyes and the stiffness of his voice that she had offended him.
6 D& ?1 J; v- ]- ]. o6 S' S2 J' TIdioms: (keep) a stiff upper lip to keep calm and hide your feelings when you are in pain or in a difficult situation: He was taught to keep a stiff upper lip and never to cry in public. ◆ Their reaction contrasts sharply with the stiff upper lip of the English.
# P* e: B9 J$ b) c. |+ }' w adverb
3 F& K2 f. |) G (informal) very much; to an extreme degree: be bored / scared / worried stiff
6 S. |; q# [! @/ D. M frozen ~ (of wet material) very cold and hard because the water has become ice: The clothes on the washing line were frozen stiff. ◆ I came home from the game frozen stiff (= very cold).
# J' x# M4 U+ a' Q. a+ S noun (slang) the body of a dead person
9 G6 \( ^$ U1 H3 i6 r% z verb [VN] (AmE, informal) to cheat sb or not pay them what you owe them, especially by not leaving any money as a TIP
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- @( B; D8 y. s. W& a3 Kstuff
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: |1 O/ n6 Q+ A. t0 _noun, verb
% O f+ C# y4 ^# D' A( e3 k, P noun [U]! I3 _6 `8 ]0 Z; d8 ]$ v0 G+ Z
(informal, sometimes disapproving) used to refer to a substance, material, group of objects, etc. when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about: What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet? ◆ The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff. ◆ This wine is good stuff. ◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff! ◆ They sell stationery and stuff (like that). ◆ Where's all my stuff (= my possessions)? ◆ (disapproving) Could you move all that stuff off the table?
( Z5 s1 Y; r: N+ o. p/ B; h4 d( ~See also FOODSTUFF
3 E9 e# K& E5 K (informal) used to refer in a general way to things that people do, say, think, etc: I've got loads of stuff to do today. ◆ I like reading and stuff. ◆ The band did some great stuff on their first album. ◆ This is all good stuff. Well done! ◆ What's all this 'Mrs Smith' stuff? Call me Anna. ◆ I don't believe in all that stuff about ghosts.
* g. V, g+ {/ s/ Y3 u ~ (of sth) (formal or literary) the most important feature of sth; something that sth else is based on or is made from: The trip was magical; the stuff of which dreams are made. ◆ Parades and marches were the very stuff of politics in the region. ◆ Let's see what stuff you're made of (= what sort of person you are).; V1 |. P' ]+ A2 ~3 N! b
See also HOT STUFF5 h1 R) K: j" U6 D
Idioms: do your stuff (informal) to do what you are good at or what you have been trained to do: Some members of the team are just not doing their stuff (= doing as well as they should). ◆ (figurative) The medicine has clearly done its stuff.& o l! }' S& ]7 S& F
not give a stuff (BrE, slang) to not care at all about sth
5 @* @* q8 A8 ]1 `2 Y: B2 K$ fstuff and nonsense exclamation (old-fashioned, informal) used by some people to say that they think that sth is stupid or not true! J8 m/ C" ]0 k, B
more at KID n., KNOW v., STERN adj., STRUT v., SWEAT v.
5 M7 d( e! o$ O% l+ g7 Q verb
8 B" T" H! E4 |4 Q" a ~ A (with B)
: K) n& C- V5 J0 T$ l8 @5 f. L% l~ B (in, into, under, etc. A) to fill a space or container tightly with sth: [VN] She had 500 envelopes to stuff with leaflets. ◆ She had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes. ◆ The fridge is stuffed to bursting. ◆ My nose is stuffed up (= blocked because of illness). ◆ [VN-ADJ] All the drawers were stuffed full of letters and papers.
: b7 d; ~0 ]/ m; S% X- U [VN +adv./prep.] to push sth quickly and carelessly into a small space: She stuffed the money under a cushion. ◆ His hands were stuffed in his pockets. ◆ Robyn quickly stuffed clothes into an overnight bag.: g8 H- }( ]3 t- n
[VN] to fill a vegetable, chicken, etc. with another type of food: Are you going to stuff the turkey? ◆ stuffed peppers
2 L( z7 i; I3 |: F2 m' m [VN] ~ sb / yourself (with sth)
7 x9 L% D& m: P! U~ your face (informal) to eat a lot of food or too much food; to give sb a lot or too much to eat: He sat at the table stuffing himself. ◆ Don't stuff the kids with chocolate before their dinner. ◆ We stuffed our faces at the party.
& v8 @+ V* i, e; T* t# f [VN] [usually passive] to fill the dead body of an animal with material and preserve it, so that it keeps its original shape and appearance: They had had their pet dog stuffed.
4 {. i2 }3 Y# s# G2 q& zIdioms: get stuffed (BrE, spoken) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way to go away, or that you do not want sth: If they don't offer you more money, tell them to get stuffed.
! V8 I% U" m N4 z7 l1 I: ostuff it (spoken, informal) used to show that you have changed your mind about sth or do not care about sth: I didn't want a part in the play, then I thought-stuff it-why not? ◆ Stuff it. At my age it doesn't matter.
" S8 h! i. O3 h2 o8 H! x5 Dyou, etc. can stuff sth (spoken, informal) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way that you do not want sth: I told them they could stuff their job.
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# |# W/ z* i y/ k2 d' b' l( ~2 {这回好像有点点点点点多啊。。 |
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