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这次是 staff stiff stuff5 ?! j4 L+ }9 t
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3 P J% {& D t8 L9 Qstaff
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( s! }) B$ G# J: e& g' B3 ^; _noun, verb+ Y' {% t5 S: w3 O
noun
/ Y1 j1 W/ {+ M1 n8 A, w [C, usually sing.] all the workers employed in an organization considered as a group: medical / library staff ◆ (BrE) teaching staff ◆ (BrE) We have 20 part-time members of staff. ◆ (AmE) staff members ◆ staff development / training ◆ a staff restaurant / meeting ◆ (especially BrE) a lawyer on the staff of the Worldwide Fund for Nature- L% A3 Z0 ?' E2 U& D) U
See also GROUND STAFF
+ s. ~1 `* z% L, ] c( i2 c8 {' z/ t [sing.] (AmE) the people who work at a school, college or university, but who do not teach students: students, faculty and staff2 ]: e s$ U" e$ h' x% \4 A
[C+sing./pl. v.] a group of senior army officers who help a commanding officer: a staff officer. {6 ^/ F; Z- R2 ~
See also CHIEF OF STAFF, GENERAL STAFF( c5 l$ Q% K: @' N# y2 j
[C] (old-fashioned or formal) a long stick used as a support when walking or climbing, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority
0 N/ Y: X% V9 y2 T; M9 w/ Y7 q [C] (music) (especially AmE) = STAVE
3 q( q/ x$ s+ b: F6 CIdioms: the staff of life (literary) a basic food, especially bread, [: W- N2 u/ i/ k" J
verb [VN] [usually passive] to work in an institution, a company, etc.; to provide people to work there: The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers. ◆ The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals. ◆ a fully staffed department
$ ?9 y0 f9 U6 D( q4 e# j" k, M! \See also OVERSTAFFED, SHORT-STAFFED, UNDERSTAFFED
2 F2 [! {6 c5 S# k. lstaffing noun [U]: staffing levels* B8 p% G6 M: |9 ]7 Q
GRAMMAR POINT
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In BrE staff (sense 1) can be singular: a staff of ten (= a group of ten people) or plural:
& [! x% a _* M, m/ s# k# \I have ten staff working for me. If it is the subject of a verb this verb is plural:
& j" c% E: ^: `The staff in this shop are very helpful.
4 N* Y) {# d M- `& ?3 mIn AmE staff (senses 1 and 2) can only be singular: a staff of ten (but not ten staff.) ◆ The staff in this store is very helpful.! h) J( w0 y! f4 c+ V K5 s
The plural form staffs is less frequent but is used in both BrE and AmE to refer to more than one group of people: the senator and his staff (singular) ◆ senators and their staffs (plural).# X3 B7 M+ |+ R: r) e. W; h
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+ ~) w/ W5 @5 x1 m) `; i" j& Mstiff; t4 m! g' r8 c, }% a
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adjective, adverb, noun, verb% |5 V9 Y8 U% d/ k: A
adjective (stiffer, stiffest)( u5 N6 P+ Q! f) t& C3 R/ B
difficult to bend / move
6 b2 j6 ^! f, D. t h7 ?7 _ firm and difficult to bend or move: stiff cardboard ◆ a stiff brush ◆ The windows were stiff and she couldn't get them open. ◆ I've got a stiff neck.# ~# `: Z/ C) k
muscles
9 U% m5 [, H- H: |# K3 \/ H! S3 d when a person is stiff, their muscles hurt when they move them: I'm really stiff after that bike ride yesterday.' j) Z6 N2 h2 q, C+ I
mixture
2 P! w' n9 l; @# n& C thick and almost solid; difficult to stir: Whisk the egg whites until stiff.1 _' _ q7 r* h. z2 b0 a
difficult / severe
' Y$ {% E& k2 P5 y1 ~ more difficult or severe than usual: It was a stiff climb to the top of the hill. ◆ The company faces stiff competition from its rivals. ◆ The new proposals have met with stiff opposition. ◆ There are stiff fines for breaking the rules. ◆ a stiff breeze / wind (= one that blows strongly)
6 g& K) K. g5 d: w( @# I qnot friendly
0 ~5 e* R* m% C) M3 K7 w$ H (of a person or their behaviour) not friendly or relaxed: The speech he made to welcome them was stiff and formal.
4 e7 i! c! }; K, \# ^price! ~: a! @: }+ H* z6 ^1 F( `
(informal) costing a lot or too much: There's a stiff £6 entrance fee to the exhibition.
% N- @0 _9 N% N* ^alcoholic drink! Z+ d; j! v5 k- z
[only before noun] strong; containing a lot of alcohol: a stiff whisky ◆ 'What you need is a stiff drink,' he told her.4 x$ b. W. x L# i0 Q, T3 m$ v8 S
stiffly adverb: 'Thank you,' she replied stiffly. ◆ The key turned stiffly in the lock. ◆ She sat down stiffly on a chair by the wall, aware that they were looking at her.) w* b# b1 t) d, m/ H, F- j |
stiffness noun [U]: pain and stiffness in her legs ◆ She could tell from his eyes and the stiffness of his voice that she had offended him.8 I# i+ D# R/ ?# Q) d! _
Idioms: (keep) a stiff upper lip to keep calm and hide your feelings when you are in pain or in a difficult situation: He was taught to keep a stiff upper lip and never to cry in public. ◆ Their reaction contrasts sharply with the stiff upper lip of the English.! }3 K1 u2 @3 O1 y
adverb% r3 Y. c4 T5 d- n
(informal) very much; to an extreme degree: be bored / scared / worried stiff& ^- Y5 F$ n: c$ c h5 K
frozen ~ (of wet material) very cold and hard because the water has become ice: The clothes on the washing line were frozen stiff. ◆ I came home from the game frozen stiff (= very cold).
& ]1 F3 m9 N: @9 i! h noun (slang) the body of a dead person# c/ x+ q( C" C6 ^: B! x, |8 \
verb [VN] (AmE, informal) to cheat sb or not pay them what you owe them, especially by not leaving any money as a TIP& l. M! H8 G5 X3 s- u0 k
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stuff
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noun, verb! N' ~( k$ y/ N0 |
noun [U]% H# f: }* t/ w% K3 B# j$ |4 @
(informal, sometimes disapproving) used to refer to a substance, material, group of objects, etc. when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about: What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet? ◆ The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff. ◆ This wine is good stuff. ◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff! ◆ They sell stationery and stuff (like that). ◆ Where's all my stuff (= my possessions)? ◆ (disapproving) Could you move all that stuff off the table?6 m; M/ y: D7 j/ s C8 I7 z+ n
See also FOODSTUFF0 F' F; m( e+ v% V
(informal) used to refer in a general way to things that people do, say, think, etc: I've got loads of stuff to do today. ◆ I like reading and stuff. ◆ The band did some great stuff on their first album. ◆ This is all good stuff. Well done! ◆ What's all this 'Mrs Smith' stuff? Call me Anna. ◆ I don't believe in all that stuff about ghosts.
, f6 j `- A) t q ~ (of sth) (formal or literary) the most important feature of sth; something that sth else is based on or is made from: The trip was magical; the stuff of which dreams are made. ◆ Parades and marches were the very stuff of politics in the region. ◆ Let's see what stuff you're made of (= what sort of person you are).
' {' x; [. ?' @See also HOT STUFF
' D$ s V4 p5 T" E) j* WIdioms: do your stuff (informal) to do what you are good at or what you have been trained to do: Some members of the team are just not doing their stuff (= doing as well as they should). ◆ (figurative) The medicine has clearly done its stuff.
. | z- k2 T1 \; t6 g+ ^0 hnot give a stuff (BrE, slang) to not care at all about sth
7 f. ], t4 B% w# n; {stuff and nonsense exclamation (old-fashioned, informal) used by some people to say that they think that sth is stupid or not true
# Q, I' u2 I0 u0 E9 X* E& R1 [& bmore at KID n., KNOW v., STERN adj., STRUT v., SWEAT v.' Z J8 ? L. H, x; i8 b/ w
verb' ^6 m" n% m; B: N. Y6 j$ A
~ A (with B)% h, r/ l1 K) S$ L
~ B (in, into, under, etc. A) to fill a space or container tightly with sth: [VN] She had 500 envelopes to stuff with leaflets. ◆ She had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes. ◆ The fridge is stuffed to bursting. ◆ My nose is stuffed up (= blocked because of illness). ◆ [VN-ADJ] All the drawers were stuffed full of letters and papers.
" F! }/ h! y1 F [VN +adv./prep.] to push sth quickly and carelessly into a small space: She stuffed the money under a cushion. ◆ His hands were stuffed in his pockets. ◆ Robyn quickly stuffed clothes into an overnight bag.
% v. |" E- V* S4 n% R3 d( k [VN] to fill a vegetable, chicken, etc. with another type of food: Are you going to stuff the turkey? ◆ stuffed peppers
6 `; A5 I6 A, F: e9 C7 ?/ _; {; O9 [/ K [VN] ~ sb / yourself (with sth)
0 L' @. P2 Y ~ z4 P* ]* E~ your face (informal) to eat a lot of food or too much food; to give sb a lot or too much to eat: He sat at the table stuffing himself. ◆ Don't stuff the kids with chocolate before their dinner. ◆ We stuffed our faces at the party.* W F, j8 t& i* \+ r3 W
[VN] [usually passive] to fill the dead body of an animal with material and preserve it, so that it keeps its original shape and appearance: They had had their pet dog stuffed.
; t z# ?# [6 l( y7 k& DIdioms: get stuffed (BrE, spoken) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way to go away, or that you do not want sth: If they don't offer you more money, tell them to get stuffed.
' F% p% q8 L4 S5 R5 p5 wstuff it (spoken, informal) used to show that you have changed your mind about sth or do not care about sth: I didn't want a part in the play, then I thought-stuff it-why not? ◆ Stuff it. At my age it doesn't matter.( z! H7 `7 R9 p9 A; e6 Q
you, etc. can stuff sth (spoken, informal) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way that you do not want sth: I told them they could stuff their job.3 [" [4 G' @/ m7 j
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这回好像有点点点点点多啊。。 |
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