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这里有几个单词 trial 和 trait urge和surge : f; \$ _# w0 F8 x
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trial
4 h/ g- r' E! \% v& q) I1 r Enoun, verb
: E) v/ r6 I) l: p noun! `* V: z& K% I* J
law
, h$ O8 U7 `: }8 Y$ O [U, C] a formal examination of evidence in a court of law by a judge and often a JURY, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not: a murder trial ◆ He's on trial for murder. ◆ She will stand trial / go on trial for fraud. ◆ The men were arrested but not brought to trial. ◆ The case never came to trial. ◆ She is awaiting trial on corruption charges. ◆ He did not receive a fair trial. ◆ She was detained without trial. ◆ Parker was committed for trial yesterday at Southwark Crown Court.
1 f: L$ ~0 A8 Z4 n+ l. F8 m3 ztest
}* x, a/ W6 m! @ [C, U] the process of testing the ability, quality or performance of sb/sth, especially before you make a final decision about them: The new drug is undergoing clinical trials. ◆ She agreed to employ me for a trial period. ◆ The system was introduced on a trial basis for one month. ◆ a trial separation (= of a couple whose marriage is in difficulties) ◆ We had the machine on trial for a week. ◆ a trial of strength (= a contest to see who is stronger)& a" v4 ~- l3 _. r+ m! }# y
in sport
& x# R6 B2 o; _' E [C, usually pl.] (BrE) (AmE try-out) a competition or series of tests to find the best players for a sports team or an important event: Olympic trials
% a! X2 ~: a' q5 B# H7 S$ v* ]for animals; }6 S7 q* i: d7 Q
[C, usually pl.] an event at which animals compete or perform: sheepdog / horse trials
! [* `: y$ ]! ~, ]% qdifficult experience
" e0 c0 M- a! u H8 a; h [C] ~ (to sb) an experience or a person that causes difficulties for sb: the trials and tribulations of married life ◆ She was a sore trial to her family at times.
! {# X- U; I% v* O+ f0 AIdioms: trial and error the process of solving a problem by trying various methods until you find a method that is successful: Children learn to use computer programs by trial and error.
6 i. R1 S3 `) i* R verb (-ll-) [VN, V] (BrE) to test the ability, quality or performance of sth to see if it will be effective or successful) h* e9 d: T) r; b+ C
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/ C$ l2 ]7 t, k* Utrait
# K8 c, \- Z- V1 h8 A/ {. W3 y6 ? noun
! v3 A" o- ^. ]% I3 A8 Q. ga particular quality in your personality: personality traits ◆ Awareness of class is a typically British trait.
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urge
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verb, noun
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to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth: [VN to inf] She urged him to stay. ◆ Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. ◆ [V that] The report urged that all children be taught to swim. [also V speech, VN speech]
1 Y Z: x ~' ~) X' Y [VN] ~ sth (on / upon sb) to recommend sth strongly: The situation is dangerous, but the UN is urging caution.9 [+ i) s& c5 S% i+ W7 F( v( w
[VN +adv./prep.] (written) to make a person or an animal move more quickly and/or in a particular direction, especially by pushing or forcing them: He urged his horse forward.$ P D- q6 ~' w5 \" Y+ X) x
Phrasal Verbs: urge sb<->on to encourage sb to do sth or support them so that they do it better: She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.! _" s! m; f% f$ K% v `' p( l0 f
noun! q% c8 y) B4 a9 ~! _6 [
~ (to do sth) a strong desire to do sth: sexual / creative urges ◆ I had a sudden urge to hit him.6 f, F" y4 f2 e9 W
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1 {) x; A- z4 }7 t# F4 qsurge
8 Q) G. J: x( r* q, `! ?verb, noun. B0 E2 ?3 q' |6 f. P5 z- \; a
verb [V]
2 Z; p/ A4 d- m7 V( ] [+adv./prep.] to move quickly and forcefully in a particular direction: The gates opened and the crowd surged forward. ◆ Flood waters surged into their homes. ◆ He surged past the other runners on the last lap.
' J9 k- u" a" d# e) d [usually +adv./prep.] to fill sb with a strong feeling: Relief surged through her.
. F0 c# C% ~# o (of prices, profits, etc.) to suddenly increase in value: Share prices surged. e ]( Z5 I% [9 `6 X. \8 c
related noun UPSURGE
1 V; l% J8 @* ], F% }) g noun0 ~3 G! I* M3 }; Z% ?
~ (of sth) a sudden increase of a strong feeling: She felt a sudden surge of anger. ◆ a surge of excitement / panic / relief1 c8 | o7 I& V& O& w
See also UPSURGE
+ ?3 O7 a/ R1 ?" i5 V9 t& f3 r ~ (in / of sth) a sudden increase in the amount or number of sth; a large amount of sth: a surge in consumer spending ◆ We are having trouble keeping up with the recent surge in demand. ◆ After an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for our services.& b1 f2 G1 f' d7 ?# Q
See also UPSURGE' M! y" _, ~2 B1 G; t5 M. c9 @: i: E
~ (of sth) a sudden, strong forward or upward movement: a tidal surge ◆ A surge of people poured through the gates.
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8 L8 R5 c1 b2 G【用有道,毁一生】 |
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