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这里有几个单词 trial 和 trait urge和surge
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trial ) M9 f# {4 |( n2 x& U& J
noun, verb0 o J* _. J" I& _0 A! E8 w9 b
noun& P" P2 |1 o( y" v
law
9 |5 r. u3 N+ D4 u) C [U, C] a formal examination of evidence in a court of law by a judge and often a JURY, to decide if sb accused of a crime is guilty or not: a murder trial ◆ He's on trial for murder. ◆ She will stand trial / go on trial for fraud. ◆ The men were arrested but not brought to trial. ◆ The case never came to trial. ◆ She is awaiting trial on corruption charges. ◆ He did not receive a fair trial. ◆ She was detained without trial. ◆ Parker was committed for trial yesterday at Southwark Crown Court.
7 R8 u) G: M& I* K! M+ F$ ]; ]test" b- E% I7 c8 }. H1 I
[C, U] the process of testing the ability, quality or performance of sb/sth, especially before you make a final decision about them: The new drug is undergoing clinical trials. ◆ She agreed to employ me for a trial period. ◆ The system was introduced on a trial basis for one month. ◆ a trial separation (= of a couple whose marriage is in difficulties) ◆ We had the machine on trial for a week. ◆ a trial of strength (= a contest to see who is stronger)" B5 ?# i; F" O5 _9 I3 F$ F
in sport. X9 p) F0 ?( f) L/ W
[C, usually pl.] (BrE) (AmE try-out) a competition or series of tests to find the best players for a sports team or an important event: Olympic trials
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[C, usually pl.] an event at which animals compete or perform: sheepdog / horse trials" M+ _3 A% h; w/ I3 \8 c; q
difficult experience9 K0 R3 _# u5 I9 H. @1 b! c: B
[C] ~ (to sb) an experience or a person that causes difficulties for sb: the trials and tribulations of married life ◆ She was a sore trial to her family at times." M) T7 l, a4 |6 P+ r* @. ?
Idioms: trial and error the process of solving a problem by trying various methods until you find a method that is successful: Children learn to use computer programs by trial and error.
/ ?; f7 m: P6 _$ \1 p verb (-ll-) [VN, V] (BrE) to test the ability, quality or performance of sth to see if it will be effective or successful
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2 ?/ c2 q+ Z9 z% s+ ntrait
/ t. t- h& ~: ^ e8 j- x noun
6 c& [1 l; f$ {" s/ ?% Ia particular quality in your personality: personality traits ◆ Awareness of class is a typically British trait.. [/ w0 U" U- a5 @; T3 T
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5 V P1 \! b! c5 Z1 J1 yurge: h' N c* z9 [5 ?+ q, O; X: B7 s
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verb, noun
2 a6 H- q" S% R' J; E4 ^9 _ verb
9 V+ [: |7 e: m6 Q6 ~ to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth: [VN to inf] She urged him to stay. ◆ Police are urging anyone who saw the accident to contact them immediately. ◆ [V that] The report urged that all children be taught to swim. [also V speech, VN speech]
1 Q! [1 ?4 [1 E [VN] ~ sth (on / upon sb) to recommend sth strongly: The situation is dangerous, but the UN is urging caution.
# w- D- G# e1 s% c! O6 U [VN +adv./prep.] (written) to make a person or an animal move more quickly and/or in a particular direction, especially by pushing or forcing them: He urged his horse forward.
4 E) L. E1 A( ? E$ @7 ^Phrasal Verbs: urge sb<->on to encourage sb to do sth or support them so that they do it better: She could hear him urging her on as she ran past.
# @0 F+ ]& e, `% Y w, U noun
7 S! ?4 L9 ?; i( L5 Q h& j: r~ (to do sth) a strong desire to do sth: sexual / creative urges ◆ I had a sudden urge to hit him.& [8 h# I- M- E- Y- z$ k9 K
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f) Y% |; v$ o- A" l3 n2 i& Bsurge
- ~$ A0 ~9 ^( X, f- v7 Rverb, noun3 Q; a' ?5 L m5 B
verb [V] K* D5 r" N. q, X
[+adv./prep.] to move quickly and forcefully in a particular direction: The gates opened and the crowd surged forward. ◆ Flood waters surged into their homes. ◆ He surged past the other runners on the last lap.4 h4 Q* o+ k4 c% O. p7 C( t
[usually +adv./prep.] to fill sb with a strong feeling: Relief surged through her.- }3 E* }7 i [$ q* V/ j1 V
(of prices, profits, etc.) to suddenly increase in value: Share prices surged.+ B- d5 S# W9 \0 g" }5 N7 n L/ _' Q
related noun UPSURGE
- O+ I/ u3 K$ D5 l noun
4 R- @0 U. Y2 o# ]7 B ~ (of sth) a sudden increase of a strong feeling: She felt a sudden surge of anger. ◆ a surge of excitement / panic / relief
" p- W7 x3 f4 F& `3 N% Y9 HSee also UPSURGE; H! w- w- V; Z; v9 ^' x( B
~ (in / of sth) a sudden increase in the amount or number of sth; a large amount of sth: a surge in consumer spending ◆ We are having trouble keeping up with the recent surge in demand. ◆ After an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for our services.
9 \" a8 G& W0 H7 ESee also UPSURGE
; ~# C( w- ~/ Y1 H ~ (of sth) a sudden, strong forward or upward movement: a tidal surge ◆ A surge of people poured through the gates.
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