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这次是 staff stiff stuff: Q' {3 c: b+ n. A4 ~ f
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staff2 o) [- J5 a! v7 G6 X1 s2 w
; p A9 @# p) }noun, verb
: E( ~) E& ?0 d3 ?6 H3 J) M noun
/ N- g- C7 t$ g. w0 f [C, usually sing.] all the workers employed in an organization considered as a group: medical / library staff ◆ (BrE) teaching staff ◆ (BrE) We have 20 part-time members of staff. ◆ (AmE) staff members ◆ staff development / training ◆ a staff restaurant / meeting ◆ (especially BrE) a lawyer on the staff of the Worldwide Fund for Nature
+ A% q; H% z/ K4 X% y) b, R$ } aSee also GROUND STAFF
" F" |& V5 |* Y6 H$ g# ~$ ] [sing.] (AmE) the people who work at a school, college or university, but who do not teach students: students, faculty and staff
: O8 y4 e. a: p2 r [C+sing./pl. v.] a group of senior army officers who help a commanding officer: a staff officer
$ L: ^8 _/ X7 @3 USee also CHIEF OF STAFF, GENERAL STAFF7 D7 [! S7 v* b$ I% x {' P* ?# @
[C] (old-fashioned or formal) a long stick used as a support when walking or climbing, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority
7 B: l4 v2 `- v) ~3 }, B [C] (music) (especially AmE) = STAVE
# L7 ~7 n# n; J2 yIdioms: the staff of life (literary) a basic food, especially bread$ z2 f$ t0 ]3 C) @4 m4 V+ _
verb [VN] [usually passive] to work in an institution, a company, etc.; to provide people to work there: The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers. ◆ The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals. ◆ a fully staffed department
: m5 U! r; I1 Z5 \" q" ZSee also OVERSTAFFED, SHORT-STAFFED, UNDERSTAFFED
" }' @6 K) d+ t0 \staffing noun [U]: staffing levels* C: v# S$ U% z( e! R1 C% h
GRAMMAR POINT8 ?4 G+ P3 `1 e5 c! e
staff }: j& b) A H- L) p% V
In BrE staff (sense 1) can be singular: a staff of ten (= a group of ten people) or plural:
' A8 e% \. C$ J$ e ]% v# `& X! SI have ten staff working for me. If it is the subject of a verb this verb is plural:
# u% B" }3 H, nThe staff in this shop are very helpful.0 U7 j& J. ^+ ]5 S& E/ m4 w
In AmE staff (senses 1 and 2) can only be singular: a staff of ten (but not ten staff.) ◆ The staff in this store is very helpful.
$ G+ O4 V# k( t& B5 NThe plural form staffs is less frequent but is used in both BrE and AmE to refer to more than one group of people: the senator and his staff (singular) ◆ senators and their staffs (plural)., F( \9 N% j3 q1 y& N9 E4 a
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+ k V* v3 n3 v' O) n
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stiff' T5 ~( H$ ?% L% {
3 P8 |5 T3 _- s$ n
adjective, adverb, noun, verb, X! }, Q) L2 D1 }0 m% E
adjective (stiffer, stiffest)9 w$ s& B3 v4 Y) c! `& r* w' q! m
difficult to bend / move
, J2 |* `, A/ x* X' N firm and difficult to bend or move: stiff cardboard ◆ a stiff brush ◆ The windows were stiff and she couldn't get them open. ◆ I've got a stiff neck.2 g0 c9 U) t$ y. Q
muscles4 P+ d+ Z: R' Y+ r8 b' d+ s. F) N
when a person is stiff, their muscles hurt when they move them: I'm really stiff after that bike ride yesterday.
2 L4 S* A: P3 }2 Z0 A: x8 F# R4 ]mixture
9 d4 k+ g. J2 X6 W/ n+ E thick and almost solid; difficult to stir: Whisk the egg whites until stiff.
5 X/ y4 |9 b7 c( k1 r) @( Xdifficult / severe
9 C$ j5 ~% ]3 ^- ^ more difficult or severe than usual: It was a stiff climb to the top of the hill. ◆ The company faces stiff competition from its rivals. ◆ The new proposals have met with stiff opposition. ◆ There are stiff fines for breaking the rules. ◆ a stiff breeze / wind (= one that blows strongly)2 g5 D3 R% X, P( U1 o4 j
not friendly0 s; |1 O& y" A7 ^% l+ Z
(of a person or their behaviour) not friendly or relaxed: The speech he made to welcome them was stiff and formal.
" U+ ?( t3 z& x0 n* Kprice
+ C3 D% v7 [8 [3 x" V9 _ (informal) costing a lot or too much: There's a stiff £6 entrance fee to the exhibition.
" e( U: C; v% R' E: C. r malcoholic drink, A9 F# p: r( [" c+ f
[only before noun] strong; containing a lot of alcohol: a stiff whisky ◆ 'What you need is a stiff drink,' he told her.
3 y8 M; J# t6 astiffly adverb: 'Thank you,' she replied stiffly. ◆ The key turned stiffly in the lock. ◆ She sat down stiffly on a chair by the wall, aware that they were looking at her.
1 j% I4 {9 x& {. l Xstiffness noun [U]: pain and stiffness in her legs ◆ She could tell from his eyes and the stiffness of his voice that she had offended him.9 i+ R+ Q8 {; q K5 E
Idioms: (keep) a stiff upper lip to keep calm and hide your feelings when you are in pain or in a difficult situation: He was taught to keep a stiff upper lip and never to cry in public. ◆ Their reaction contrasts sharply with the stiff upper lip of the English.: E' V5 E8 ?/ {; P; I0 a- x) w: Y
adverb# i2 _/ `1 ^: J2 Z/ N# P
(informal) very much; to an extreme degree: be bored / scared / worried stiff
1 B5 }4 ?5 _7 f frozen ~ (of wet material) very cold and hard because the water has become ice: The clothes on the washing line were frozen stiff. ◆ I came home from the game frozen stiff (= very cold).6 ~9 z( q1 g4 R9 V$ S
noun (slang) the body of a dead person
- H' a! K' \5 h% a: L/ ` verb [VN] (AmE, informal) to cheat sb or not pay them what you owe them, especially by not leaving any money as a TIP. k3 |* R' h+ R. \0 G
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stuff
: H# c; B& Y0 B4 F! v
$ e( h: q |* c" j( M/ \" knoun, verb5 V& R. O0 Y$ S7 H8 F+ ~
noun [U]7 m' e3 }8 _ l d
(informal, sometimes disapproving) used to refer to a substance, material, group of objects, etc. when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about: What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet? ◆ The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff. ◆ This wine is good stuff. ◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff! ◆ They sell stationery and stuff (like that). ◆ Where's all my stuff (= my possessions)? ◆ (disapproving) Could you move all that stuff off the table?
( g9 r( C5 `5 T: A# nSee also FOODSTUFF
0 t. g9 w( Q- z7 n (informal) used to refer in a general way to things that people do, say, think, etc: I've got loads of stuff to do today. ◆ I like reading and stuff. ◆ The band did some great stuff on their first album. ◆ This is all good stuff. Well done! ◆ What's all this 'Mrs Smith' stuff? Call me Anna. ◆ I don't believe in all that stuff about ghosts.
- E5 j7 W- R+ g5 x: ]* r ~ (of sth) (formal or literary) the most important feature of sth; something that sth else is based on or is made from: The trip was magical; the stuff of which dreams are made. ◆ Parades and marches were the very stuff of politics in the region. ◆ Let's see what stuff you're made of (= what sort of person you are)./ o* r+ V+ \! F( q9 }6 q- \
See also HOT STUFF
, h! C/ m7 a$ HIdioms: do your stuff (informal) to do what you are good at or what you have been trained to do: Some members of the team are just not doing their stuff (= doing as well as they should). ◆ (figurative) The medicine has clearly done its stuff.1 c C0 b1 f2 t. w) ?+ k
not give a stuff (BrE, slang) to not care at all about sth' e- a) `& C0 F# F5 y- O) R
stuff and nonsense exclamation (old-fashioned, informal) used by some people to say that they think that sth is stupid or not true
) p' ]3 J% _9 K ^( rmore at KID n., KNOW v., STERN adj., STRUT v., SWEAT v.
7 q, e1 C6 Y& ~; H verb
' t2 ]) \. I. k' | ~ A (with B)8 |3 t) n: P5 l) }
~ B (in, into, under, etc. A) to fill a space or container tightly with sth: [VN] She had 500 envelopes to stuff with leaflets. ◆ She had 500 leaflets to stuff into envelopes. ◆ The fridge is stuffed to bursting. ◆ My nose is stuffed up (= blocked because of illness). ◆ [VN-ADJ] All the drawers were stuffed full of letters and papers.
3 \( v5 V/ F1 g. v5 Q$ o [VN +adv./prep.] to push sth quickly and carelessly into a small space: She stuffed the money under a cushion. ◆ His hands were stuffed in his pockets. ◆ Robyn quickly stuffed clothes into an overnight bag.
9 U) S! f0 Q6 [' [3 r: _ [VN] to fill a vegetable, chicken, etc. with another type of food: Are you going to stuff the turkey? ◆ stuffed peppers
1 z4 W2 j& u! W8 h7 } [VN] ~ sb / yourself (with sth)
3 |) G$ P' K) e# w0 B! c _4 M' ^; F0 ^~ your face (informal) to eat a lot of food or too much food; to give sb a lot or too much to eat: He sat at the table stuffing himself. ◆ Don't stuff the kids with chocolate before their dinner. ◆ We stuffed our faces at the party.& K! O" I$ W: l; l
[VN] [usually passive] to fill the dead body of an animal with material and preserve it, so that it keeps its original shape and appearance: They had had their pet dog stuffed.! a: a5 F" b- ?6 v6 v% V
Idioms: get stuffed (BrE, spoken) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way to go away, or that you do not want sth: If they don't offer you more money, tell them to get stuffed.6 W& R- ^4 _( V# L1 ~' H7 o
stuff it (spoken, informal) used to show that you have changed your mind about sth or do not care about sth: I didn't want a part in the play, then I thought-stuff it-why not? ◆ Stuff it. At my age it doesn't matter.) _8 ~' w- l+ R- u; `- Z! n
you, etc. can stuff sth (spoken, informal) used to tell sb in a rude and angry way that you do not want sth: I told them they could stuff their job.
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( Q" W0 `4 n1 y. Z5 l: }这回好像有点点点点点多啊。。 |
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